Studies on creativity have bloomed in the past decade. However, little is known about the effective connectivity (EC) between default-mode network (DMN) regions after creativity stimulation. This study aimed to measure the brain connectivity induced by creativity stimulation and to relate it with creativity score. A total of 50 participants were recruited and assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental participants underwent a two-day creativity stimulation session. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were performed on all participants after the session. The rs-fMRI data were analysed using statistical parametric mapping and spectral dynamic causal modelling. A fully connected model comprising angular gyrus (AG), medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC) and pre-cuneus (PCU) as regions-of-interest (ROIs) was fitted for every participant’s data. The model underwent Bayesian parameter averaging to determine the average strength of connection between ROIs. There was a significant increase in creativity score for the experimental group in the aspect of fluency (p=0.018) and flexibility (p=0.048) except in originality (p>0.05). No difference in brain activation was observed between groups. All the EC between ROIs in the left and right hemisphere for both groups were significant (P>0.9). Symmetrical EC networks for the experimental group were observed with left hemisphere PCU→PCU, PCU→mPFC and AG→PCU connections which were more significant in the experimental group. These findings suggested that creativity stimulation as short as two days was able to evoke changes in creativity score and network connectivity but insufficient to cause convincing differences in the brain activation.
Creativity Stimulation by Idea Generation: A Resting-state fMRI Study on Effective Connectivity
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Abstrak
Kajian ke atas kreativiti telah berkembang semenjak sedekad yang lalu. Walau bagaimanapun hanya sedikit diketahui mengenai kesalinghubungan berkesan (EC) di antara kawasan jaringan mod lalai (DMN) selepas rangsangan kreativiti. Kajian ini bermatlamat untuk mengukur kesalinghubungan otak yang diaruh oleh rangsangan kreativti dan mengaitkannya dengan skor kreativiti. Seramai 50 peserta direkrut dalam kajian ini dan dibahagikan kepada kumpulan kawalan dan uji kaji. Kumpulan uji kaji menjalani sesi rangsangan kreativiti selama dua hari. Imbasan pengimejan resonans magnet kefungsian keadaan rehat (rs-fMRI) dijalankan ke atas semua peserta kajian selepas sesi rangsangan. Data rs-fMRI dianalisis menggunakan pemetaan statistik berparameter dan pemodelan sebab dan akibat dinamik spektrum. Satu model bersalinghubungan penuh yang mengandungi girus angular (AG), korteks pre-fontal tengah (mPFC) dan pre-kuneus (PCU) sebagai kawasan yang menjadi keutamaan (ROI) dipadankan terhadap data setiap peserta kajian. Model tersebut menjalani pemurataan parameter Bayesian untuk menentukan purata kekuatan kesalinghubungan di antara ROI. Terdapat peningkatan skor kreativiti bagi kumpulan uji kaji dalam aspek kelancaran (p=0.018) dan keanjalan (p=0.048) kecuali keaslian (p>0.05). Tiada perbezaan dalam pengaktifan otak di antara dua kumpulan peserta kajian. Kesemua EC di antara ROI dalam hemisfera kiri dan kanan untuk kedua-dua kumpulan kajian adalah bererti (P>0.9). Kesimetrian jaringan EC bagi kumpulan uji kaji dapat diperhatikan dengan kesalinghubungan PCU→PCU, PCU→mPFC dan AG→PCU manakala ia lebih bererti dalam kumpulan uji kaji. Penemuan ini mencadangkan bahawa rangsangan kreativiti selama dua hari mampu menyebabkan perubahan dalam skor kreativiti dan jaringan kesalinghubungan tetapi tidak memberi keputusan yang meyakinkan dalam konteks perbezaan dalam pengaktifan otak.
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