HBME-1 Expression in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions
HBME-1 in Thyroid Lesion
Vol. 15 No. 1 : 2020 (187-197)
Abstract
Thyroid carcinomas are classically diagnosed based on specific morphological criteria. In some cases, a definitive diagnosis may be difficult when morphological features are equivocal. This study evaluated the utility of Hector Battifora Mesothelial-1 (HBME-1) as an immunohistochemical marker to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid lesions and to compare its expression in different types of thyroid lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of HBME-1 as a specific marker for thyroid carcinoma were also studied. A total of 54 malignant and 54 benign thyroid cases diagnosed were collected in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre for a period of seven years. All cases were stained with HBME-1 and evaluated by three independent observers. The cases were scored based on the proportion of staining and graded as 0 (less than 10%), 1+ (10-25%), 2+ (26-50%) or 3+ (more than 50%). In addition, the score of malignant cases was correlated with their pathological tumour stage. HBME-1 showed significantly higher expression in malignant compared to benign lesions (P<0.001) with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) showed the highest expression among the carcinoma cases (87.1%). Benign lesions were mostly negative (96%), except for two follicular adenoma cases having focal positivity. HBME-1 had a sensitivity of 57% and specificity of 96% in thyroid carcinoma. There was no correlation between HBME-1 expression and TNM primary tumour stage (pT). HBME-1 might be a useful marker in distinguishing malignant from benign thyroid lesions, especially in PTC cases.
Keywords :
Follicular adenoma,
HBME-1 antigen,
Papillary thyroid carcinoma,
Thyroid,
Correspondance Address
Azyani Yahaya. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel: +6019-2602140 Email: azyaniyahaya@yahoo.co.uk
References
Abdullah, M. 2002. Thyroid cancer: The Kuala Lumpur experience. ANZ J Surg 72(9): 660-4.
Alshenawy, H.A. 2014. Utility of immunohistochemical markers in differential diagnosis of follicular cell-derived thyroid lesions. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2(3): 127-36.
Azizah, A.M., Nor Saleha, I.T., Noor Hashimah, A., Asmah, Z.A., Mastulu, W. 2016. Malaysian National Cancer Registry Report 2007-2011. Retrieved from Putrajaya, Malaysia: www.nci.moh.gov.my
Bateman, A.C., al-Talib, R.K., Newman, T., Williams, J.H., Herbert, A. 1997. Immunohistochemical phenotype of malignant mesothelioma: predictive value of CA125 and HBME-1 expression. Histopathology 30(1): 49-56.
Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R.L., Torre, L.A., Jemal, A. 2018. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 68 (6): 394-424.
Cheung, C.C., Ezzat, S., Freeman, J.L., Rosen, I. B., Asa, S.L. 2001. Immunohistochemical diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mod Pathol 14 (4): 338-42.
Cho, H., Kim, J.Y., Oh, Y.L. 2018. Diagnostic value of HBME-1, CK19, Galectin 3, and CD56 in the subtypes of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Pathol Int 68(11): 605-13.
Cochand-Priollet, B., Dahan, H., Laloi-Michelin, M., Polivka, M., Saada, M., Herman, P., Guillausseau, P.J., Hamzi, L., Pote, N., Sarfati, E., Wassef, M., Combe, H., Raulic-Raimond, D., Chedin, P., Medeau, V., Casanova, D., Kania, R. 2011. Immunocytochemistry with cytokeratin 19 and anti-human mesothelial cell antibody (HBME1) increases the diagnostic accuracy of thyroid fine-needle aspirations: preliminary report of 150 liquid-based fine-needle aspirations with histological control. Thyroid 21(10): 1067-73.
Dunderovic, D., Lipkovski, J.M., Boricic, I., Soldatovic, I., Bozic, V., Cvejic, D., Tatic, S. 2015. Defining the value of CD56, CK19, Galectin 3 and HBME-1 in diagnosis of follicular cell derived lesions of thyroid with systematic review of literature. Diagn Pathol 10(1): 196.
Erdogan-Durmus, S., Ozcan, D., Yarikkaya, E., Kurt, A., Arslan, A. 2016. CD56, HBME-1 and cytokeratin 19 expressions in papillary thyroid carcinoma and nodular thyroid lesions. J Res Med Sci 21(1): 49.
Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Dikshit, R., Eser, S., Mathers, C., Rebelo, M., Parkin, D. M., Forman, D., Bray, F. 2015. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer 136(5): E359-E386.
Franc, B., de la Salmoniere, P., Lange, F., Hoang, C., Louvel, A., de Roquancourt, A., Vilde, F., Hejblum, G., Chevret, S., Chastang, C. 2003. Interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility in the histopathology of follicular thyroid carcinoma. Hum Pathol 34(11): 1092-100.
Haiyan, L., Fan, L. 2015. Application of immunohistochemistry in thyroid pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 139(1): 67-82.
Htwe, T.T. 2012. Thyroid malignancy among Goitrous thyroid lesions: A review of hospital-based studies in Malaysia and Myanmar. Singapore Med J 53(3): 159-63.
Lloyd, R.V., Erickson, L.A., Casey, M.B., Lam, K.Y., Lohse, C.M., Asa, S.L., Chan, J.K., DeLellis, R.A., Harach, H.R., Kakudo, K., LiVolsi, V.A., Rosai, J., Sebo, T.J., Sobrinho-Simoes, M., Wenig, B.M., Lae, M.E. 2004. Observer variation in the diagnosis of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 28(10): 1336-40.
Lloyd, R.V., Osamura, R.Y., Klöppel, G., Cancer, I.A. f.R.o., Rosai, J. 2017. WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs. Fourth Edition.: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Mase, T., Funahashi, H., Koshikawa, T., Imai, T., Nara, Y., Tanaka, Y., Nakao, A. 2003. HBME-1 immunostaining in thyroid tumors especially in follicular neoplasm. Endocr J 50(2): 173-7.
Miettinen, M., Karkkainen, P. 1996. Differential reactivity of HBME-1 and CD15 antibodies in benign and malignant thyroid tumours. Preferential reactivity with malignant tumours. Virchows Arch 429(4-5): 213-9.
Nga, M.-E., Lim, G.S., Soh, C.H., Kumarasinghe, M.P. 2008. HBME-1 and CK19 are highly discriminatory in the cytological diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol 36(8): 550-6.
Nor Hayati, O., Effat, O., Nyi Nyi, N. 2009. Spectrum of thyroid lesions in hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia over 11years and a review of thyroid cancers in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 10(1): 87-90.
Nosé, V. 2018. Diagnostic Pathology: Endocrine (Second Edition ed.). Utah: Elsevier.
Ohta, M., Ookoshi, T., Naiki, H., Imamura, Y. 2015. HBME-1 and CD15 immunocytochemistry in the follicular variant of thyroid papillary carcinoma. Pathol Int 65(3): 119-125.
Sack, M.J, Astengo-Osuna, C., Lin, B.T., Battifora, H., LiVolsi, V.A. 1997. Hbme-1 Immunostaining in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspirations: A Useful Marker in the Diagnosis of Carcinoma. Mod Pathol 10(7): 668-74.
Sherma, S.I. 2003. Thyroid carcinoma. The Lancet 361(9356): 501-11.
Shi, L.-Y., Liu, J., Yu, L.-J., Lei, Y.-M., Leng, S.X., Zhang, H.-Y. 2018. Clinic-pathologic Features and Prognostic Analysis of Thyroid Cancer in the Older Adult: A SEER Based Study. J Cancer 9(15): 2744-50.
Zargari, N., Mokhtari, M. 2019. Evaluation of Diagnostic Utility of Immunohistochemistry Markers of TROP-2 and HBME-1 in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Carcinoma. Eur Thyroid J 8(1): 1-6.
