Curcumin Minimises Histopathological and Immunological Progression in the Ankle Joints of Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats

Curcumin Minimises CIA in Rats
Vol. 15 No. 2 : 2020 (26-36)

KEVIN TTM KEVIN TTM
NUR IDANIS AS NUR IDANIS AS
ANASTASHA B ANASTASHA B
MOHD FARIS MR MOHD FARIS MR
Faizah Othman Faizah Othman
Taty Anna K Taty Anna K

Abstract
Curcumin is a traditionally used spice with a potential to treat various inflammatory diseases including arthritis. This study was aimed at observing curcumin’s effects on the histopathological progression and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (150+50 g) were divided into five random groups. A group was assigned as the normal control (CTRL), while the remaining were subcutaneously immunised with 150 µg of collagen emulsion on day 0. CTRL and CIA-Curcumin-d0 groups were supplemented daily with olive oil (1 ml/kg) and curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) from day 0, respectively. The CIA-OV (negative control), CIA-Beta and CIA-Curcumin-d14 groups were given daily supplementation of olive oil (1 ml/kg), Betamethasone (0.5 mg/ml/kg), and curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) from day 14, respectively. The daily oral supplementations continued until day 42. The study showed that CIA-Beta (**P<0.05) and CIA-Curcumin-d0 (**P=0.01) groups had significantly lower mean histological scores compared to CIA-OV, respectively. Serum IL-1β levels for CIA-Beta and CIA-Curcumin-d0 were not significantly raised on day 42 as to compared to day 0, and the mean increment of IL-1β levels from day 0 to day 42 were significantly lower (**P≤0.01) for all the CIA groups compared to CIA-OV. There was no significant difference in both mean histological scores and IL-1β levels of CIA-Curcumin-d0 compared to CIA-Beta. Early supplementation of curcumin could potentially minimise disease progression of CIA in rats.
Keywords : arthritis, Curcuma, Curcumin, experimental, Interleukin-1, plant extract, rheumatoid arthritis,
Abstrak
Curcumin adalah satu rempah tradisional yang mempunyai potensi untuk menyembuhkan pelbagai jenis penyakit inflamatori, termasuk artritis. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk memerhatikan kesan-kesan curcumin ke atas perubahan histopatologi dan aras interleukin-1β (IL-1β) di dalam artritis aruhan kolagen (CIA). Tiga puluh ekor tikus jantan Sprague-Dawley (150+50 g) dibahagikan kepada lima kumpulan secara rawak. Satu kumpulan dijadikan kumpulan kawalan normal (CTRL), manakala selebihnya disuntik dengan 150 µg emulsi kolagen secara subkutan pada hari 0. Kumpulan CTRL dan CIA-Curcumin-d0 masing-masing diberi suplimentasi harian minyak zaitun oil (1 ml/kg) dan curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) bermula pada hari 0. Kumpulan CIA-OV (kawalan negatif), CIA-Beta dan CIA-Curcumin-d14 pula, masing-masing diberi suplimentasi harian minyak zaitun (1 ml/kg), Betamethasone (0.5 mg/ml/kg), dan curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) bermula pada hari 14. Suplimentasi harian tersebut diberi kepada tikus-tikus sehingga hari ke 42. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kumpulan CIA-Beta (**P=0.00) dan CIA-Curcumin-d0 (**P=0.01) masing-masing mempamerkan purata skor histologi yang lebih rendah secara signifikan berbanding kumpulan CIA-OV. Aras IL-1β di dalam serum untuk kumpulan CIA-Beta dan CIA-Curcumin-d0 tidak meningkat secara signifikan pada hari ke 42 berbanding hari 0. Purata peningkatan aras IL-1β dari hari 0 ke hari 42 juga adalah rendah secara signifikan (**P≤0.01) untuk semua kumpulan CIA berbanding kumpulan CIA-OV. Tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalan purata skor histologi dan aras IL-1β kumpulan of CIA-Curcumin-d0 berbanding kumpulan CIA-Beta. Kesimpulannya suplimentasi awal curcumin berpotensi untuk meminimakan perubahan yang disebabkan penyakit artritis aruhan kolagen pada tikus.
Kata Kunci : arthritis, artritis reumatoid, Curcuma, Curcumin, ekstrak tumbuhan, Interleukin-1, pengkajian,

Correspondance Address
Taty Anna Kamarudin. Department of Anatomy, Level 18, Preclinical Building, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel: +603-9145 8639 Email: tatykamarudin@ukm.edu.my