Poor sleep quality has become a public health concern due to its association with several health risks. Recent studies had shown that university students had poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with sleep quality among undergraduate students in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study involved 377 undergraduates from public and private universities in Malaysia. The study ws conducted between 16 June 2021 to 31 July 2021. Respondents completed an online survey reagarding to their sociodemographic background, sleep quality, chronotype pattern, night eating syndrome, food security, physical activity, internet addiction and self-reported body weight and height. There was poor sleep quality in 62.3% of the respondents. Respondents who were Malay (AOR = 3.84, 95% CI =2.07-7.11), in the arts stream (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.20-5.42) and internet-addicted (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.22-3.77) had higher risk of poor sleep quality. Respondents who lived in a rented house (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.16-0.88), were sophomores (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.25-0.99) and were the morning chronotype (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.17-0.72) had lower risk for developing poor sleep quality. This study underscored the high prevalence of poor sleep quality among undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggested that by preventing internet addiction and the evening chronotype can improve sleep quality.
Factors Associated with Sleep Quality Among Malaysian Undergraduate Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstrak
Kualiti tidur terganggu telah menjadi satu isu kesihatan masyarakat disebabkan oleh perkaitannya dengan pelbagai jenis risiko kesihatan. Kebelakangan ini kajian telah menunjukkan pelajar universiti mempunyai kualiti tidur yang teruk semasa pandemik COVID-19. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti faktor yang berkaitan dengan kualiti tidur dalam kalangan pelajar sarjana di Malaysia semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kajian keratan rentas ini telah melibatkan 377 pelajar sarjana dari universiti awam dan swasta di Malaysia. Kajian ini dijalankan dari 16 Jun 2021 hingga 31 Julai 2021. Responden telah melengkapkan soal selidik dalam talian mengenai sosiodemografi, kualiti tidur, corak kronotaip, sindrom makan malam, sekuriti makanan, aktiviti fizikal, ketagihan internet serta berat badan dan tinggi. Kajian ini menunjukkan 62.3% daripada responden mempunyai kualiti tidur yang teruk. Responden berbangsa Melayu (AOR = 3.84, 95% CI =2.07-7.11), dalam aliran seni (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.20-5.42) dan mengalami ketagihan internet (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.22-3.77) mempunyai risiko tinggi dalam menangani kualiti tidur yang teruk. Responden yang tinggal di rumah sewa (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.16-0.88), pelajar tahun kedua (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.25-0.99) dan mempunyai kronotaip jenis pagi (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.17–0.72) berisiko lebih rendah untuk kualiti tidur yang teruk. Kajian ini menunjukkan prevalens kualiti tidur teruk yang tinggi dalam kalangan pelajar sarjana semasa pandemik COVID-19. Hasil kajian ini mencadangkan bahawa pencegahan ketagihan internet dan kronotaip jenis petang dapat meningkatkan kualiti tidur pelajar universiti.
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