There is a lack of consensus regarding the preoperative fasting period on gum chewing due to conflicting evidence. Our study aimed to determine the effects of preoperative sugarless gum chewing on gastric fluid volume and pH. This prospective randomised study was performed on patients who underwent elective operation under general anaesthesia. Sixty patients who fasted overnight were randomly assigned to either “non-chewing gum” as control or “chewing gum group” as intervention group who chewed one piece of gum upon the call to the operating theatre. They were further enquired whether gum chewing helped cope with hunger and reduced anxiety. Gastric volume and pH were determined immediately after induction of anaesthesia. Gum chewing had no significant effect on gastric fluid volume measured [30.4+13.6 (control) vs 29.1+11.6 ml (intervention), p = 0.693] and gastric fluid pH [1.4+0.4 (control) vs 1.6+0.4 (intervention), p = 0.05] while managing to reduce anxiety in 90.3% patients who chewed gum. Pre-operative gum-chewing did not increase in gastric fluid volume or a further reduction in gastric fluid acidity and was able to reduce anxiety in patients in the preoperative period.
The Effects of Preoperative Sugarless Gum Chewing on Gastric Fluid Volume and pH
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Abstrak
Terdapat kekurangan dalam konsensus tentang pengunyahan gula-gula getah semasa tempoh berpuasa sebelum pembedahan disebabkan oleh bukti yang bercanggah. Tujuan penyelidikan ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti kesan-kesan pengunyahan gula-gula getah ke atas isipadu dan pH cecair perut. Kajian prospektif dan secara rawak ini telah dilakukan ke atas pesakit-pesakit yang menjalani pembedahan elektif dengan pembiusan umum. Seramai 60 orang pesakit yang telah berpuasa semalaman dibahagikan antara kumpulan “tanpa gula-gula getah” sebagai kumpulan kawalan dan “kumpulan gula-gula getah” sebagai kumpulan intervensi yang mengunyah satu keping gula-gula getah setelah dipanggil ke dewan bedah. Pesakit-pesakit tersebut kemudiannya ditanya samada pengunyahan gula-gula getah ini dapat mengatasi rasa lapar atau mengurangkan kegelisahan. Isipadu dan pH cecair perut ini diukur sebaik sahaja proses pembiusan diaruhkan. Pengunyahan gula-gula getah tidak menunjukkan kesan yang ketara ke atas isipadu cecair perut [30.4+13.6 ml (kawalan) vs 29.1+11.6 ml (intervensi), p = 0.693] dan pH cecair perut [1.4+0.4 (kawalan) vs 1.6+0.4 (intervensi), p = 0.05) disebaliknya mengurangkan kegelisahan sebanyak 90.3% di kalangan pesakit yang mengunyah gula-gula getah. Pengunyahan gula-gula getah sebelum pembedahan didapati tidak meningkatkan isipadu cecair perut atau menurunkan lagi keasidan cecair perut serta dapat mengurangkan kegelisahan di kalangan pesakit sebelum pembedahan.
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