Androgen ablation therapy using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists is reported to be associated with metabolic abnormalities. Annatto tocotrienol (AnTT) is reported to reduce the expression of genes related to adipogenesis but the mechanism remains elusive. This study sought to determine the effects of annatto tocotrienol on body composition (lean and fat mass), serum adiponectin, leptin, and glucose levels in male rats treated with buserelin, a testosterone ablation agent. Three-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats (n=32) were randomly divided into four groups. The normal control (n=8) was given corn oil orally daily and normal saline subcutaneously daily. The remaining groups were injected with buserelin subcutaneously (75µg/kg/day). The buserelin group (n=8) was given corn oil orally, while the treatment groups were supplemented orally with AnTT at 60 or 100 mg/kg (n = 8/group). After treatment of 12 weeks, rats were euthanized. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed to determine the lean and fat mass of the rats. Blood was collected for the evaluation of adiponectin, leptin and glucose levels. After 12 weeks, the lean mass, fat mass, adiponectin and leptin levels for all groups increased significantly compared to their respective baseline levels irrespective of their treatment (P<0.05). All groups, except rats receiving AnTT at 60 mg/kg, experienced a significant increase in glucose level after 3 months (P<0.05). Androgen ablation and AnTT do not influence body composition, adiponectin and leptin levels in male rats. However, annatto tocotrienol at 60 mg/kg may improve glucose metabolism.
The Effects of Annatto Tocotrienol on Body Composition and Serum Adiponectin, Leptin and Glucose Level in a Rat Model of Androgen Deficiency Induced by Buserelin
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Terapi ablasi androgen menggunakan hormon pelepasan gonadotrofin agonis dikaitkan dengan keabnormalan metabolik. Annatto tokotrienol (AnTT) dilaporkan mampu mengurangi ekspresi gen yang berkaitan dengan adipogenesis tetapi mekanismanya masih belum difahami. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kesan annatto tokotrienol terhadap komposisi badan (jisim lemak dan jisim tanpa lemak), aras serum adiponektin, leptin, dan glukosa dalam tikus jantan yang diaruh dengan buserelin, iaitu agen ablasi testosteron. Tikus jantan Sprague Dawley yang berumur tiga bulan (n=32) dibahagikan secara rawak kepada empat kumpulan. Kawalan normal (n=8) diberikan minyak jagung secara oral setiap hari dan disuntik dengan normal salin secara subkutaneous setiap hari. Kumpulan yang selebihnya disuntik dengan buserelin secara subkutaneous (75 g/kg/hari). Kumpulan buserelin (n = 8) diberi minyak jagung secara oral, manakala kumpulan rawatan diberi AnTT pada 60 dan 100 mg/kg (n = 8/kumpulan) secara oral. Selepas 12 minggu rawatan, semua tikus telah dibunuh. Imbasan Dual-X-ray Absorptiometry dibuat untuk menentukan jisim lemak dan jisim tanpa lemak pada tikus. Darah diambil untuk menentukan aras adiponektin, leptin dan glukosa. Selepas 12 minggu, jisim tanpa lemak, jisim lemak, adiponektin dan leptin untuk semua kumpulan meningkat secara signifikan berbanding aras garis asas kumpulan masing-masing tanpa mengira rawatan mereka (P<0.05). Semua kumpulan kecuali tikus yang menerima AnTT pada 60 mg/kg mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan pada aras glukosa selepas 3 bulan (P<0.05). Ablasi androgen dan AnTT tidak mempengaruhi komposisi badan, aras adiponektin dan leptin pada tikus jantan. Walau bagaimanapun, annatto tokotrienol pada 60 mg/kg mampu memperbaiki metabolisma glukosa.
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