Curcumin is a traditionally used spice with a potential to treat various inflammatory diseases including arthritis. This study was aimed at observing curcumin’s effects on the histopathological progression and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (150+50 g) were divided into five random groups. A group was assigned as the normal control (CTRL), while the remaining were subcutaneously immunised with 150 µg of collagen emulsion on day 0. CTRL and CIA-Curcumin-d0 groups were supplemented daily with olive oil (1 ml/kg) and curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) from day 0, respectively. The CIA-OV (negative control), CIA-Beta and CIA-Curcumin-d14 groups were given daily supplementation of olive oil (1 ml/kg), Betamethasone (0.5 mg/ml/kg), and curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) from day 14, respectively. The daily oral supplementations continued until day 42. The study showed that CIA-Beta (**P<0.05) and CIA-Curcumin-d0 (**P=0.01) groups had significantly lower mean histological scores compared to CIA-OV, respectively. Serum IL-1β levels for CIA-Beta and CIA-Curcumin-d0 were not significantly raised on day 42 as to compared to day 0, and the mean increment of IL-1β levels from day 0 to day 42 were significantly lower (**P≤0.01) for all the CIA groups compared to CIA-OV. There was no significant difference in both mean histological scores and IL-1β levels of CIA-Curcumin-d0 compared to CIA-Beta. Early supplementation of curcumin could potentially minimise disease progression of CIA in rats.
Curcumin Minimises Histopathological and Immunological Progression in the Ankle Joints of Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats
Abstrak
Curcumin adalah satu rempah tradisional yang mempunyai potensi untuk menyembuhkan pelbagai jenis penyakit inflamatori, termasuk artritis. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk memerhatikan kesan-kesan curcumin ke atas perubahan histopatologi dan aras interleukin-1β (IL-1β) di dalam artritis aruhan kolagen (CIA). Tiga puluh ekor tikus jantan Sprague-Dawley (150+50 g) dibahagikan kepada lima kumpulan secara rawak. Satu kumpulan dijadikan kumpulan kawalan normal (CTRL), manakala selebihnya disuntik dengan 150 µg emulsi kolagen secara subkutan pada hari 0. Kumpulan CTRL dan CIA-Curcumin-d0 masing-masing diberi suplimentasi harian minyak zaitun oil (1 ml/kg) dan curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) bermula pada hari 0. Kumpulan CIA-OV (kawalan negatif), CIA-Beta dan CIA-Curcumin-d14 pula, masing-masing diberi suplimentasi harian minyak zaitun (1 ml/kg), Betamethasone (0.5 mg/ml/kg), dan curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg) bermula pada hari 14. Suplimentasi harian tersebut diberi kepada tikus-tikus sehingga hari ke 42. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kumpulan CIA-Beta (**P=0.00) dan CIA-Curcumin-d0 (**P=0.01) masing-masing mempamerkan purata skor histologi yang lebih rendah secara signifikan berbanding kumpulan CIA-OV. Aras IL-1β di dalam serum untuk kumpulan CIA-Beta dan CIA-Curcumin-d0 tidak meningkat secara signifikan pada hari ke 42 berbanding hari 0. Purata peningkatan aras IL-1β dari hari 0 ke hari 42 juga adalah rendah secara signifikan (**P≤0.01) untuk semua kumpulan CIA berbanding kumpulan CIA-OV. Tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalan purata skor histologi dan aras IL-1β kumpulan of CIA-Curcumin-d0 berbanding kumpulan CIA-Beta. Kesimpulannya suplimentasi awal curcumin berpotensi untuk meminimakan perubahan yang disebabkan penyakit artritis aruhan kolagen pada tikus.
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