While diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent in the elderly population with significant impact on quality of life (QOL), we yet to know much about how personality traits affect QOL in this patient population. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre with the aim to determine the relationship between personality traits and QOL among the elderly (aged ≥60 years) with diabetes mellitus. Sociodemographic and clinical information were obtained. QOL was assessed using the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and personality traits were assessed using the Big Five Inventory (BFI) questionnaire. Depression and anxiety were measured with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, respectively, and controlled for in all analyses. There were in total 170 study participants (median age=69.0 years; IQR: 65.0-73.0; 51.2% male). In stepwise linear regression models, higher conscientiousness scores (β=0.156; P=0.044) and lower neuroticism scores (β=-0.176; P=0.028) were associated with greater QOL in the physical health domain. Higher extraversion scores (β=0.209; P=0.001) and higher conscientiousness scores (β=0.248; P<0.001) were associated with greater QOL in the psychological health domain. Higher agreeableness scores (β=0.286; P<0.001) were associated with greater QOL in the social relationship domain. Finally, higher agreeableness scores (β=0.327; P<0.001) and lower neuroticism scores (β=-0.223; P=0.001) were associated with greater QOL in the environment domain. Personality traits were closely associated with all domains of QOL among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Premorbid personality may have important role in moderating the impact of diabetes mellitus on the lives of elderly patients.
The Big-Five Personality Traits and Quality of Life in Elderly Malaysian Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Walaupun penyakit kencing manis sering dijumpai dalam kalangan warga emas serta memberi kesan yang ketara terhadap kualiti hidup (QOL) seseorang, kita masih tidak mengetahui secara jelas cara trait personaliti mempengaruhi QOL. Kajian keratan rentas ini yang dijalankan di Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia adalah bertujuan untuk menentukan hubung kait di antara trait personaliti dan QOL dalam kalangan warga emas (berumur ≥60 tahun) yang mengalami penyakit kencing manis. Maklumat sosio-demografik dan klinikal telah dikumpulkan. QOL diukur dengan soal sedilik WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) sementara trait personaliti pula dinilai dengan Big Five Inventory (BFI). Kemurungan dan keresahan diukur dengan pengujian soal selidik Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) dan Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) masing-masing dan diambil dalam analisa statistik. Terdapat sebanyak 170 peserta kajian yang melibatkan diri (umur median = 69.0 tahun; IQR: 65.0-73.0; dengan 51.2% lelaki). Menggunakan model ‘stepwise linear regression’, didapati skor kehematan (β=0.156; P=0.044) dan skor neurotisisme yang negatif (β=-0.176; P=0.028) amat berkait dengan QOL yang baik di dalam domain kesihatan fizikal. Sementara nilai skor ekstraversi (β=0.209; P=0.001) dan skor kehematan yang tinggi (β=0.248; P<0.001) pula amat berkait dengan QOL yang baik di dalam domain kesihatan psikologi. Ketinggian skor kepersetujuan (β=0.286; P<0.001) amat berkait rapat dengan QOL yang baik di dalam domain perhubungan sosial. Akhirnya, skor kepersetujuan yang tinggi (β=0.327; P<0.001) dan darjah neurotisme (β=-0.223; P=0.001) didapati amat berkait dengan QOL yang baik di dalam domain persekitaran. Trait personaliti berkait rapat dengan semua domain QOL di kalangan pesakit warga emas yang mengalami penyakit kencing manis. Personaliti sebelum jatuh sakit (premorbid personality) mungkin mempunyai peranan penting di dalam mempengaruhi kesan penyakit kencing manis terhadap kehidupan pesakit warga emas.
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